Personal choice, tolerance for uncertainty and global risk perception as predictors of students personal maturity
Abstract
Introduction. A distinctive feature of modern reality is increasing uncertainty and ambiguity, which is due to the rapid change, instability, and the emergence of global threats to the future of humanity. Personal maturity is a set of characteristics that are formed at different stages of personal development and ensure its successful functioning in adulthood. Aim. This study aims to examine the characteristics of personal choice, tolerance for uncertainty, and global risk perception as predictors of personal maturity among students.
Materials and methods. The study employs a sample of 92 students, stratified according to their levels of personal maturity into two groups: 1) students with personal maturity levels below the mean (n = 50, 2) students with personal maturity levels above the mean (n = 42). The methodology encompasses several validated instruments, including the “Personal maturity inventory” (Yu.Z. Gilbukh), the “Typology of personal choice of life path” (V.G. Gryazeva-Dobshinskaya, A.S. Maltseva), the “Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance Scale” (D. McLain, adapted by E.N. Osin), and the “Attitude to global risks” measure (T.A. Nestik). Results. The analysis reveals significant differences between the two groups of students in relation to their global risk perceptions and tolerance for uncertainty. Students categorized as less mature exhibit a tendency to ignore global threats, prioritize self-preservation over altruism, and expect the onset of apocalypse during catastrophic events. Conversely, those considered more mature have a more robust behavioral repertoire, characterized by readiness to act, to protect themselves and their loved ones in case of global threats. Additionally, such individuals exhibit a greater tolerance for uncertainty, viewing it as a resource. The discriminant analysis was used to develop a model capable of classifying students based on their levels of personal maturity. The model achieved an accuracy rate of 73.9 %. Both the components of global risk perceptions and the indicators of personal choice of life path emerge as significant predictors of personal maturity, offering a foundation for the differentiation of students by their maturity levels.
Downloads
References
2. Hillen M.A., Gutheil C.M., Strout T.D. et al. Tolerance of uncertainty: Conceptual analysis, integrative model, and implications for healthcare. Social Science and Medicine. 2017;180:62–75. DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.03.024.
3. Ronnlund M., Del Missier F., Mantyla T. et al. The fatalistic decision maker: time perspective, working memory, and older adults decision-making competence. Frontiers in Psychology. 2019;10. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02038.
4. Naumova D. V. Personality characteristics of young people who are tolerant and intolerant of uncertainty. Vestnik Pravoslavnogo Svyato-Tikhonovskogo gumanitarnogo universiteta. Seriya 4: Pedagogika. Psikhologiya = Bulletin of the Orthodox St. Tikhons Humanitarian University. Series 4: Pedagogy. Psychology. 2021;62:142–156. (in Russ.).
5. Nestik T.A. Global identity as a socio-psychological phenomenon: theoretical and empirical research. Institut psikhologii Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Sotsialnaya i ekonomicheskaya psikhologiya = Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Social and economic psychology. 2017;2(4):145–185. (in Russ.).
6. Nestik T.A. Global risks as a psychological phenomenon. Puti k miru i bezopasnosti = Paths to peace and security. 2016;1:24–38. (in Russ.).
7. Leontev D.A., Fam D.A. How do we choose: structures of experience of personal choice and their connection with personality characteristics. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 14: Psikhologiya. = Moscow University Bulletin. Series 14: Psychology. 2011;1:39–53. (in Russ.).
8. Rettie H., Daniels J. Coping and tolerance of uncertainty: Predictors and mediators of men-tal health during the COVID-19 pandemic. American Psychologist. 2021;76:427–437. DOI: 10.1037/amp0000710.
9. Gryazeva-Dobshinskaya V.G., Maltseva A.S. “Typology of personal choice of life path”: description of the methodology and results of psychometric testing. Vestnik Yuzhno-Uralskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Psikhologiya = Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Series: Psychology. 2016;9(2):14–21. (in Russ.).
10. Timoshchenko A.S., Gryazeva-Dobshinskaya V.G., Dmitrieva Yu.A. Adaptation resources of subjects with different types of life path choices in a stressful situation of organizational changes. Psikhologiya. Psikhofiziologiya = Psychology. Psychophysiology. 2020;13(4):49–57. (in Russ.).
11. Andryushkova N.P. On the issue of developing personal maturity. Izvestiya Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Psikhologiya = News of Irkutsk State University. Series: Psychology. 2022;41:3–10. (in Russ.).
12. Kozhevnikova O.V. On the structure of personal maturity of university students. Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta. Seriya Filosofiya. Psikhologiya. Pedagogika = Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy. 2021;31:428–434. (in Russ.).
13. Sergienko E.A. Psychological maturity – an integrative concept. Razrabotka ponyatii sovremennoi psikhologii. Seriya “Metodologiya, istoriya i teoriya psikhologii” = Development of concepts of modern psychology. Series “Methodology, history and theory of psychology”. 2021;3:236–272. (in Russ.).
14. Bauer J.J., McAdams D.P. Growth Goals, Maturity, and Well-Being. Developmental Psychology. 2004;1:114–127. DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.40.1.114.
15. Mann F.D., DeYoung C.G., Krueger R.F. Patterns of cumulative continuity and maturity in personality and well-being: Evidence from a large longitudinal sample of adults. Personality and Individual Differences. 2021;169. DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.109737.
16. Malieva E.S. Features of the relationship between personal maturity and various constructs of personality structure. Mezhdunarodnyi nauchno-issledovatelskii zhurnal = International Scientific Research Journal. 2022;8(122). (in Russ.). DOI: 10.23670/IRJ.2022.122.104
17. Burkhonov A., Avlaev O., Abdujalilova S. et al. Responsibility as a criterion for determining personal maturity. E3S Web Conf. 2021;244. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf /202124411059.
18. Manukyan V.R., Troshina E.G. Modern psychological concepts of well-being and personality maturity: areas of similarities and differences. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Filosofiya. Psikhologiya. Sotsiologiya = Bulletin of Perm University. Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology. 2016;2:77–85. (in Russ.).
19. Gudzovskaya A.A., Shpuntova V.V. About the components of personal maturity. Rossiiskii psikhologicheskii zhurnal = Russian psychological journal. 2016;2:36–46. (in Russ.).
20. Morales-Vives F., Camps E., Duenas J.M. Predicting academic achievement in adolescents: The role of maturity, intelligence and personality. Psicothema. 2020;32:84–91. DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2019.262.
21. Shapovalova A.A., Nevstrueva T.Kh. The relationship between personal maturity and resilience in the context of professionalization of a student – future psychologist. Uchenye zametki TOGU = Scientific notes PSU. 2021;12(1):167–173. (in Russ.).
22. Kuznetsova D.A. Definition of the concept and structure of personal maturity. Lichnost i obshchestvo = Personality and society. 2020;3:9–13. (in Russ.).
23. Kozhevnikova O.V. Correlation between subjective characteristics and objective criteria of students personal maturity. Vestnik Permskogo universiteta. Filosofiya. Psikhologiya. Sotsiologiya = Bulletin of Perm University. Philosophy. Psychology. Sociology. 2022;4:543–553. (in Russ.).
24. Greenberger E., Sorensen B. Toward a Concept of Psychosocial Maturity. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 1974;4:329–352. DOI: 10.1007/BF02214746.
25. Greenberger E., Josselson R., Knerr C. et al. Measurement and Structure of Psychosocial Maturity. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 1975;2:128–141. DOI: 10.1007/BF01537437.
26. Soldatova E.L., Shlyapnikova I.A. Ego-identity as a system-forming factor in the formation of personal maturity. Vestnik Yuzhno-Uralskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Psikhologiya = Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Series: Psychology. 2010;27:66–74. (in Russ.).
27. Hopwood C.J. Personality Functioning, Problems in Living, and Personality Traits. Journal of Personality Assessment. 2024;1(16). DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2345880.
28. Schwaba T., Bleidorn W., Hopwood C.J. et al. Refining the maturity principle of personality development by examining facets, close others, and comaturation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2022;5(122):942–958. DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000400.
29. Osin E.N. Factor structure of the version of the scale of general tolerance to uncertainty by D. McLain. Psikhologicheskaya diagnostika = Psychological diagnostics. 2010;2:65–86. (in Russ.).
30. Gorlova N. Tolerance of uncertainty as an individual-personal prerequisite for the process of self-determination in adolescence, early and late youth. Psikhologicheskie issledovaniya = Psychological research. 2020;13(70). (in Russ.).
31. Emelyanova T.P., Belykh T.V. Attitudes to global risks of students of Orthodox and secular universities. Sotsialnaya psikhologiya i obshchestvo = Social psychology and society. 2019;10(3):40–50. (in Russ.).
References on translit
-
Copyright (c) 2024 Psychology. Psychophysiology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
