Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related social restrictions, personal and social consequences on the level of psychological distress in pregnant women

Fadeeva E.; Vyshinskii K.; Lanovaya A.; Asankina A.; Dolgushin M.

doi:10.14529/jpps220305

E. V. Fadeeva National Research Center on Addictions – branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Russian Federation Ministry of Health (Maly Mogiltsevskiy 3, Moscow, 119002, Russia) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5411-9611 nscnfadeeva@mail.ru
K. V. Vyshinskii National Research Center on Addictions – branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Russian Federation Ministry of Health (Maly Mogiltsevskiy 3, Moscow, 119002, Russia) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0548-5380 vyshinsky@bk.ru
A. M. Lanovaya National Research Center on Addictions – branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Russian Federation Ministry of Health (Maly Mogiltsevskiy 3, Moscow, 119002, Russia) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4255-7953 alesya.lan@gmail.com
A. S. Asankina Dzerzhinsky Narcological Dispensary – branch, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Narcological Dispensary (2 lane. Tupikovyi, Dzerzhinsk, 606010, Nizhny Novgorod region, Russia) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0589-1792 asankina.anna@mail.ru
M. V. Dolgushin Dzerzhinsky Narcological Dispensary – branch, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Narcological Dispensary (2 lane. Tupikovyi, Dzerzhinsk, 606010, Nizhny Novgorod region, Russia) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6679-9255 nond52@yandex.ru

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14529/jpps220305

Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women, psychological distress, psycho-emotional state

Abstract

Introduction. Studies dedicated to psycho-emotional condition of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic early period revealed an increase in levels of anxiety and depression, as well as emergence of specific fears associated with possible infection during pregnancy and potential impact of coronavirus infection on fetal health and birth outcome. Aims. To assess and compare impact of social restrictions, as well as personal and social consequences associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, on levels of psychological distress in pregnant women. Materials and methods. The study involved 204 women in late gestation admitted to the Dzerzhinsky Perinatal Center between December 2020 and February 2021. Clinical psychologists conducted an anonymous survey using a specially developed questionnaire to assess the impact of COVID-related social restrictions, personal and social consequences and then measure the level of psychological distress using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10). Results. Based on retrospective data, moderate, high and very high levels of distress were observed in 25% of women one month before the survey and in 29% during the most severe period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Significantly more often increased levels of psychological distress was found among women whose friends or relatives suffered from severe COVID-19, who lost their friends or relatives or had more frequent family conflicts. Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrated the correlation between the level of psychological distress and severe course of COVID-19; the loss of friends or relatives; increased family conflict, income decrease or a rapid change of usual lifestyle during the pandemic, which emphasized the importance of a personalized approach to the assessment of the psychological status of pregnant women and the identification of factors that could negatively affect the course and outcome of pregnancy.

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Author Biographies

E. V. Fadeeva , National Research Center on Addictions – branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Russian Federation Ministry of Health (Maly Mogiltsevskiy 3, Moscow, 119002, Russia)

Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Head of the Department of Organization of Preventive Care in Narcology of the National Scientific Center of Narcology

K. V. Vyshinskii , National Research Center on Addictions – branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Russian Federation Ministry of Health (Maly Mogiltsevskiy 3, Moscow, 119002, Russia)

Candidate of Medical Sciences, leading researcher of the Department of Organization of preventive Care in Narcology

A. M. Lanovaya , National Research Center on Addictions – branch, V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Russian Federation Ministry of Health (Maly Mogiltsevskiy 3, Moscow, 119002, Russia)

Researcher of the Department of Organization of preventive care in Narcology

A. S. Asankina , Dzerzhinsky Narcological Dispensary – branch, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Narcological Dispensary (2 lane. Tupikovyi, Dzerzhinsk, 606010, Nizhny Novgorod region, Russia)

Medical psychologist of the dispensary and polyclinic department No. 2 for the service of the children's population

M. V. Dolgushin , Dzerzhinsky Narcological Dispensary – branch, Nizhny Novgorod Regional Narcological Dispensary (2 lane. Tupikovyi, Dzerzhinsk, 606010, Nizhny Novgorod region, Russia)

Medical psychologist of the medical examination office for the state of intoxication of the dispensary polyclinic department No. 1

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