PERSONAL FEATURES OF FOREIGN STUDENTS WITH A HIGH AND LOW LEVEL OF SELF-ACTUALIZATION DURING SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION
Keywords:
socio-psychological adaptation, sociocultural adaptation, internationalization of higher education, self-actualization, values, life meaning orientations, subjective well-being, career orientations, personal qualities, foreign students
Abstract
Internationalization is one of the current directions of education development. Specially organized university work and identification of features of self-actualization in foreign students will contribute to the development of more effective programs of psychological support during socio-psychological adaptation. Aim. The paper aims to identify the personal features of foreign students with a high and low level of self-actualization during socio-psychological adaptation. Materials and methods. 52 foreign students aged from 18 to 32 years studying in London were examined. The study was based on the following methods: Yankovsky questionnaire of adaptation to a new socio-cultural environment, the Rogers and Diamond technique of diagnosis of socio-psychological adaptation, the Jones and Crandall Short Index of self-actualization, etc. The results for interpretation were obtained by statistical analysis (Mann – Whitney criterion) and correlation analysis (Spearman rank correlation coefficient) using SPSS 22.0 statistical software package. Results. Foreign students with a high level of self-actualization experience subjective well-being, and social surrounding is significant to them; however, subjective well-being is reduced when it is impossible to preserve individuality and choose a conformal type of adaptation. Foreign students with a low level of self-actualization have a subjective disadvantage that lessens when maintaining their individuality, pragmatic orientation, the acceptance of others, and self-actualization. Nevertheless, foreign students with a low level of self-actualization demonstrated a correlation between self-actualization and the interactive type of adaptation. Conclusion. The prospects for self-actualization of foreign students with a high and low level of self-actualization and the specifics of their socio-psychological adaptation have been studied.
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References
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2. Bocharova E.E. Etnopsikhologiya sub"ektivnogo blagopoluchiya molodezhi [Ethnopsychology of subjective well-being of young people]. Saratov, SGU Publ., 2015. 176 p. (in Russ.).
3. Bulgakov A.V., Loginova V.V. Psikhologicheskie osobennosti inostrannykh studentov i ikh professionalno-lichnostnoe stanovlenie v obrazovatelnoi srede rossiiskogo vuza [Psychological peculiarities of foreign students and their professional and personal formation in the Russian university educational environment]. Moscow, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Moscow Region State University, 2009. 411 p. (in Russ.).
4. Bultseva M.A., Lebedeva N.M. [The relationship of intercultural experience, acculturation expectations and creativity among Russian students]. Kulturno-istoricheskaya psikhologiya [Cultural historical psychology], 2019, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 51–59. DOI:10.17759/chp.2019 150306 (in Russ.).
5. Volchanskaya V.O. [Socio-psychological adaptation in domestic and foreign psychology]. Chelovecheskii kapital [Human capital], 2019, no. 12 (132), pp. 108–114. DOI: 10.25629/HC.2019.12.09 (in Russ.).
6. Gensetskaya Yu.V., Kaptsov A.V., Klyueva T.N., Kolesnikova E.I. Tsennostnyi podkhod k razvitiyu lichnostnoi samoregulyatsii obuchayushchikhsya [A value-based approach to developing student self-regulation]. In Kaptsov A.V. (ed.). Samara: Samarskaya gumanitarnaya akademiya Publ., 2019. 128 p. (in Russ.).
7. Grigoreva M.V., Shamionov R.M., Golubeva N.M. [Role of Self-Reflection in the Process of Student Adaptation to University]. Psikhologicheskaya nauka i obrazovanie [Psychological Science and Education], 2017, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 23–30. DOI: 10.17759/pse.2017220503 (in Russ.).
8. Ivanova M.A. [A systematic approach to foreign students adaptation study]. Nauchno-tekhnicheskie vedomosti SPBGU [Scientific and Technical Sheets of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University], 2005, no. 2 (40), pp. 243–248. (in Russ.).
9. Imperativy internatsionalizatsii [Imperatives of internationalization]. In Larionova M.V. (eds.). Moscow, Logos Publ., 2013. 420 p. (in Russ.).
10. Karavaeva E.M., Pecherskii V.G., Ivanov D.E. Razlichiya pokazatelei sotsialno-psikhologicheskoi adaptatsii u shkolnikov i studentov [Differences in socio-psychological adaptation rates between schoolchildren and students]. In Barabanshchikov V.A. (ed.), Eksperimentalnaya psikhologiya v Rossii: traditsii i perspektivy [Experimental Psychology in Russia: Traditions and Perspectives]. Moscow, Institute of psychology Publ., 2010, pp. 807–811. (in Russ.).
11. Karpov A.V., Voronova T.A. [Reflexivity as determinant of structural organization of mans inner world]. Istoricheskaya i sotsialno-obrazovatelnaya mysl [Historical and social-educational idea], 2018, vol. 10, no. 3-2, pp. 104–110. DOI: 10.17748/2075-9908-2018-10-3/2-14-110 (in Russ.).
12. Kemp N. [New trends of the international education market]. Mezhdunarodnoe vysshee obrazovanie [International Higher Education], 2016, no. 85, pp. 19–22.
13. Kishikov R.V. [Dynamics of dissertation studies of adaptation problems in domestic psychology]. Voprosy gumanitarnykh nauk [Questions of the humanities], 2014, no. 2 (71), pp. 69–73.
14. Kuznetsova S.A. [Migration attitudes as the subject of social psychological research]. Sotsialnaya psikhologiya i obshchestvo [Social Psychology and Society], 2013, no. 4, pp. 34–45. (in Russ.).
15. Leontev D.A., Shilmanskaya A.E. [Personal life position: making theoretical notions operational]. Voprosy psikhologii [Psychology questions], 2019, no. 1, pp. 90–100.
16. Lepshokova Z.Kh., Tatarko A.N. [Adaptation and modification of John Berrys measure of acculturation expectations]. Sotsialnaya psikhologiya i obshchestvo [Social Psychology and Society], 2017., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 125–146. DOI: 10.17759/sps.2017080310 (in Russ.).
17. Matrenin D.I., Kharitonova I.V. [Emotional intelligence as a resource of social and psychological adaption]. Universum: psikhologiya i obrazovanie [Universum: psychology and education], 2019, no. 1 (55), pp. 13–16. (in Russ.).
18. Nalchadzhyan A.A. Psikhologicheskaya adaptatsiya: mekhanizmy i strategii [Psychological adaptation: mechanisms and strategies]. Moscow, Eksmo Publ., 2010. 368 p. (in Russ.).
19. Petrovskii V.A. Chelovek nad situatsiei [The person over a situation]. Moscow, Smysl, 2010. 559 p. (in Russ.).
20. Rogova E.E. [The notion “adaptation” in foreign and domestic psychology]. Nauchnyi almanakh [Science Almanac], 2018, no. 12-2 (50), pp. 205–207. DOI: 10.17117/na.2018.12.02.205 (in Russ.).
21. Smolina T.L., Melnikova A.A. Psikhologiya kross-kulturnoi adaptatsii [Psychology of cross-cultural adaptation]. Saint-Petersburg, Skifiya Publ., 2017. 303 p. (in Russ.).
22. Teslavskaya O.I., Savchenko T.N. [Subjective quality of life and psychological adaptation of individuals with low, normal and high level of escapism]. Eksperimentalnaya psikhologiya [Experimental Psychology], 2019, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 162–176. DOI: 10.17759/exppsy.2019120212 (in Russ.).
23. Chibisova M.Yu., Verchenova E.A. [Language competency, group development and sociometric status of foreign students in Russian higher eduction institutions (a case study of Chinese students)]. Sotsialnaya psikhologiya i obshchestvo [Social Psychology and Society], 2017, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 93–107. DOI: 10.17759/sps.2017080106 (in Russ.).
24. Shcheblanova E.I. [Psychological features of school adaptation of mentally gifted teenagers]. Voprosy psikhologii [Psychology questions], 2017, no. 3, pp. 16–27. (in Russ.).
25. Yashchenko E.F., Lashchenko D.A., Lazorak O.V. [Subjective Comfort, Coping-Strategies, and Types of Accentuations of Personality of Russian and Indonesian University Students]. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Bulletin of Kemerovo State University], 2019, no. 21 (2), pp. 467–477. DOI: 10.21603/2078-8975-2019-21-2-467-477 (in Russ.).
26. Berry J.W. Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 2005, vol. 29, pp. 697–712. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2005.07.013
27. Berry J.W. Stress perspectives on acculturation. The Cambridge Handbook of acculturation psychology. In D. L. Sam & J. W. Berry (Eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp. 43–57. DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511489891.007.
28. Bierwiaczonek K., Waldzus S. Socio-cultural factors as antecedents of cross-cultural adaptation in expatriates, international students, and migrants: A Review. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2016, vol. 47 (6), pp. 767–817. DOI: 10.1177/0022022116644526
29. Cai L., Teng L. Towards cross-cultural adaptation of international students: A case study of Chinese students in Finland. BioTechnology: An Indian Journal, 2014, vol. 10 (9), pp. 4047–4053.
30. Castro F.G., Murray K.E. Cultural adaptation and resilience: Controversies, issues, and emerging models: Handbook of adult resilience. New York, NY, The Guildford Press, 2010, pp. 375–403.
31. Gladkova A.A. Psychological and socio-cultural adaptation of international journalism students in Russia: The role of communication skills in the adaptation process. Psychology in Russia: State of the Art, 2017, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 45–59. DOI: 10.11621/pir.2017.0405
32. Knight J. Higher education in turmoil: The Changing World of Internationalization. Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Sense Publishers, 2008. 244 p.
33. Sumer S. International students psychological and sociocultural adaptation in the United States: Dissertation. Georgia State University, 2009. 74 p.
34. Ward C., Bochner S., Furnham A. The psychology of culture shock. London, Routledge, 2001. 362 p.
35. Ward C., Kennedy A. Locus of control, mood disturbance and social difficulty during cross-cultural transitions. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 1992, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 175–194.
36. Wilson J., Ward C., Fisher R. Beyond culture learning theory: What can personality tell us about cultural competence? Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2013, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 900–927. DOI: 10.1177/0022022113492889
37. Yoon E., Chang C.T., Kim S. et al. A meta-analysis of acculturation/enculturation and mental health. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 2013, vol. 60 (1), pp. 15–30. DOI: 10.1037/a0030652
38. Zhang J., Mandl H., Wang E. Personality, acculturation, and psychological adjustment of chinese international students in Germany. Psychological Reports, 2010, vol. 107, no. 2, pp. 511–525. DOI: 10.2466/07.09.11.17.PR0.107.5.511-525
39. Zhou Y., Jindal-Snape D., Topping K., Todman J. Theoretical models of culture shock and adaptation in international students in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 2008, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 63–75. DOI: 10.1080/03075070701794833
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Published
2020-07-20
How to Cite
Yashchenko, E., Shchelokova, E., & Lazorak, O. (2020). PERSONAL FEATURES OF FOREIGN STUDENTS WITH A HIGH AND LOW LEVEL OF SELF-ACTUALIZATION DURING SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION. Psychology. Psychophysiology, 13(2), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.14529/jpps200206
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Social Psychology
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