Reflexivity as a condition for the self-presentation of personality in interpersonal relationships

Akhmadeeva E.

doi:10.14529/jpps240201

E. V. Akhmadeeva Ufa University of Science and Technology (32 Z. Validi st., Ufa, 450000, Russia) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4159-0401 elena-ram@yandex.ru

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14529/jpps240201

Keywords: reflexivity, self-presentation, self-regulation, behavioral strategies, orientation in communication

Abstract

Introduction. The article delves into the concept of reflexivity as an integral component of effective self-presentation within the framework of interpersonal relationships. Aims: the purpose of the study is to identify the specifics of reflexivity as a foundational element for students’ self-presentation in interpersonal relationships while also exploring its correlation with individual psychological characteristics and behavioral strategies. Materials and methods: the study was conducted with a sample of 91 participants (Higher School of Psychology and Pedagogy, Ufa University of Science and Technology), including 38 males and 53 females, averaging 20.4±2.6 years of age. The research methodology comprised a battery of diagnostic tools, including “Self-presentation strategies” (I.P. Shkuratova); “Development of reflexivity” (A.V. Karpov); “Orientation of personality in communication” (S.L. Bratchenko); “Style of self-regulation of behavior – SSP-98” (V.I. Morosanova); “Volitional personality traits” (M.V. Chumakov); “Self-confidence” (V.G. Romek); “Mehrabian Affiliation Tendency Questionnaire” (A. Mehrabian). Data analysis was conducted using the Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Wallis H test. Results. The study showed that students exhibiting elevated levels of reflexivity demonstrated attributes such as sociotropy and alterocentric tendencies, along with self-doubt and indecision. These individuals tend to plan their future interactions and maintain vigilant oversight over these processes. Conversely, those characterized by diminished reflexivity exhibited elevated levels of self-confidence, social courage, initiative, and determination. Within interpersonal dynamics, they often exhibit egocentrism and act spontaneously, devoid of consideration for the impressions they make on others. The study further demonstrated the profound impact of reflexivity on the self-regulation styles, behavioral strategies, and personal characteristics of students. Moderate reflective activity facilitates the effective use of self-regulation styles, such as planning and result evaluation, and the choice of suitable self-presentation strategies in accordance with the interaction situation. Conclusion. The results of this study substantiate the hypothesis that a moderate degree of reflexivity contributes to effective self-presentation in significant interaction contexts. This efficacy stems from the capacity to critically assess outcomes derived from reflexive activities.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

E. V. Akhmadeeva , Ufa University of Science and Technology (32 Z. Validi st., Ufa, 450000, Russia)

Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of General Psychology, Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Higher School of Psychology and Pedagogy

References

1. Godunov M.V., Komerova N.E. Reflection as a Predictor of Attitude Towards Time Perspective. Innovatsionnaya nauka: Psikhologiya. Pedagogika. Defektologiya = Innovative science: psychology, pedagogy, defectology. 2023;6(4):64–72. (in Russ.). DOI: 10.23947/2658-7165-2023-6-4-64-72.
2. Medvedeva I.A., Osin R.V. Reflexivity and its research in consultant psychologists. Mir pedagogiki i psikhologii = The world of pedagogy and psychology. 2023;05(82):294–300. (in Russ.).
3. Anikina V.G., Lagutin A.V. Reflective Aspect of Perception and Self-Perception of Subjects in Conflict Interaction. Eksperimentalnaya psikhologiya = Experimental psychology. 2024;17(1):131–148. (in Russ.). DOI: 10.17759/exppsy.2024170109.
4. Lourens E.Dzh., Shou P., Dzhampyetro V.P. et al. The role of ‘shared representations in social perception and empathy: An fMRI study. NeuroImage. 2006;29:1173–1184. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.09.001.
5. Shukshina L.V., Kogay I.A. The research of modern students escapism and reflection. Sovremennoye pedagogicheskoye obrazovaniye = Modern pedagogical education. 2022;9:23–26.
(in Russ.).
6. Vasilyeva S.V., Tsvetova A.A. Preferred self-presentation tactics and status in a student group. Gertsenovskiye chteniya: psikhologicheskiye issledovaniya v obrazovanii [International Research and Practice Conference “The Herzen University Conference on Psychology in Education”]. 2021;4:687–693. (in Russ.). DOI: 10.33910/herzenpsyconf-2021-4-88.
7. Leary M.R. Self-presentation: Impression Management аnd Interpersonal Behavior. Taylor and Francis. 2019:264.
8. Mead G.H. Mind, Self, and Society (the definitive edition). Chicago, Univ. of Chicago. 2015:536. DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226112879.001.0001.
9. Nichols A. L. Self-Presentation Theory. Impression Management. The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. Vol. 1: Models and Theories. Eds. B.J. Carducci, Ch.S. Nave, J.S. Mio et al. John Wiley and Sons. 2020:397–400. DOI: 10.1002/9781119547143.ch66.
10. Pontari B.A., Glenn E.J. Engaging in Less Protective Self-Presentation: The Effects of a Friends Presence on the Socially Anxious. Basic and Applied Social Psychology. 2012;34(6):516–526. DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2012.728112.
11. Akhmadeeva E.V., Dmitrieva L.G. The model of self-expression in interpersonal relations. Rossiyskiy psikhologicheskiy zhurnal = Russian Psychological Journal. 2023;4(20):199–216. (in Russ.). DOI: 10.21702/rpj.2023.4.12.
12. Semenov I.N. Reflexivity of introspection and personology of introspection: towards ontology and methodology of reflexive psychology of individuality. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 14: Psikhologiya = Bulletin of Moscow University. Series 14: Psychology. 2015;3:22–39. (in Russ.).
13. Shigabetdinova G.M. The phenomenon of reflection: the boundaries of the concept. Vestnik Nizhegorodskogo universiteta im. N.I. Lobachevskogo = Bulletin of Nizhny Novgorod University named after N.I. Lobachevsky. 2014;2 (1):415–422. (in Russ.).
14. Karpov A.V. Psikhologiya refleksivnykh mekhanizmov deyatelnosti [Psychology of reflexive mechanisms of activity]. Moscow. IP RAS. 2004:450. (in Russ.).
15. Lichnostnyy potentsial: struktura i diagnostika [Personal potential: structure and diagnosis]. Ed. D.A. Leontiev. Moscow. Smysl. 2011:1184. (in Russ.).
16. Kapitonova L.V. Review of modern Russian research on reflection and reflexivity. Tendentsii razvitiya nauki i obrazovaniya = Trends in the development of science and education. 2021;70(5):112–118. (in Russ.).
17. Chaldini R. Psikhologiya vliyaniya [Psychology of influence]. Moscow, Bombora. 2022:528. (in Russ.).
18. Kholodnaya M.A. Psikhologiya intellekta. Paradoksy issledovaniya [Psychology of intelligence. Paradoxes of research]. Moscow. Yurayt Publ. House. 2023:334. (in Russ.).
19. Acic I., Taylor L.D. Effects of self-objectification on viewers narrative engagement. Psychology of Popular Media. 2023;12(4). DOI: 10.1037/ppm0000418.
20. Gangestad S.W., Snyder M. Self-monitoring: Appraisal and reappraisal. Psychological Bulletin. 2000;126(4):530–555. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.126.4.530.
21. Karpov A.V. Psikhologiya refleksivnykh mekhanizmov deyatelnosti [Psychology of reflexive mechanisms of activity]. Moscow. Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2022:421. (in Russ.).
22. Pikuleva O.A. Psikhologiya samoprezentatsii lichnosti [Psychology of self-presentation of personality]. Moscow. INFRA-M. 2023:320. (in Russ.).
23. Prokhorov A.O. The influence of reflection on the operational means of self-regulation of mental states of students. Nauchno-pedagogicheskoye obozreniye = Pedagogical Review. 2022;5(45):190–201. (in Russ.). DOI: 10.23951/2307-6127-2022-5-190-201.
24. Bratchenko S.L. Tekhnologii sotsialno-psikhologicheskikh treningov [Technologies of socio-psychological trainings]. Ed. S.A. Belicheva. Moscow. Social Health of Russia. 2001:208. (in Russ.).
25. Karpov A.V. Reflexivity as a mental property and a method of its diagnosis. Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal = Psychological journal. 2003;24(5):45–57. (in Russ.).
26. Morosanova V.I., Konoz E.M. Stylistic self-regulation of human behavior. Voprosy psikhologii = Voprosy Psychologii. 2002;2:118–127. (in Russ.).
27. Fetiskin N.P., Kozlov V.V., Manuilov G.M. Sotsialno-psikhologicheskaya diagnostika razvitiya lichnosti i malykh grupp [Socio-psychological diagnostics of personality development and small groups]. Moscow. Publ. House of the Institute of Psychotherapy. 2002:488. (in Russ.).
28. Romek V.G. Self-confidence test. Psikhologicheskaya diagnostika = Psychological diagnostics. 2008;1:59–82. (in Russ.).
29. Shkuratova I.P. Samopredyavleniye lichnosti v obshchenii [Self-expression of personality in communication]. Rostov n/D, SFU Publ. House. 2009:192. (in Russ.).
30. Snyder M., De Bono K.G. Appeals to image and claims about quality: understanding the psychology of advertising. Journal of personality and social. 1985;49:586–597. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.49.3.586.

References on translit

-